One of the conditions for the effective organization of the work of any enterprise is the presence of a well-functioning mechanism for repair work. The lower the proportion of the cost of repairs, maintenance and upkeep of equipment in production costs, the greater the efficiency of the production and repair facilities. To prevent wasteful loss of production and reduce the cost of repairs is preventive maintenance system.
The system of preventive maintenance is a collection of various types of works on technical maintenance and repair of equipment, carried out on a predetermined plan to ensure the most efficient operation of the equipment.
Thus, care work, supervision, maintenance and repair of the equipment in order to prevent the increasing wear, prevent accidents and, as a consequence, the maintenance of equipment in constant readiness to work is the essence of the preventative maintenance system. It is based on the work laid on the maintenance of equipment and the implementation of planned repairs - current, average and capital.
Maintenance work includes inspection equipment, checking for accuracy, washing, lubrication, etc. These kinds of works are carried out on a predetermined schedule and are aperiodic character with clearly defined repeatability.
Routine repairs on the content of work, labor intensity and frequency divided by the current, average and heavy.
Maintenance work is carried out during operation of the equipment by replacing individual parts, parts with a subsequent check on the accuracy, centering, etc.
The average repair is more advanced and in-depth character, since it is connected with the replacement of major components, assemblies, friction surfaces.
Overhaul is the most time-consuming, expensive and lengthy process associated with the complete replacement of major components, assemblies, disassembly of motors, transformers. Overhaul, usually accompanied by the removal of equipment from the base, followed by the assembly and testing of m-
preventative maintenance system has a preventive nature. However, in practice the operation of the equipment there are accidents related to equipment failures, malfunctions. The costs associated with the elimination of the consequences of accidents related to unplanned costs and affect the performance of the enterprise negatively.
preventative maintenance system is based on the use of the following standards:
• repair cycles and their structure;
• duration of the reserve maintenance periods and maintenance intervals;
• repair category of complexity;
• the complexity of the standards;
• rules of the stock of parts and working units.
Under the repair cycle time, it is understood between the two overhauls, and the first repair cycle begins with the commissioning of the equipment before the first overhaul. During this time, it turns on the implementation of all measures for the maintenance and repairs of all kinds. The order of their performance can be represented by the following exemplary scheme:
KR - TO - TO - MP1 - TO - MP2 - TO - CP - TO - TO - MP3 - TO - CD
where KR - overhaul; CP - average repair; MP - small repairs; TO - maintenance.
In drawing up the repair cycle should take into account a variety of factors: the type of production, type and properties of the processed materials, the operating conditions, the qualification of personnel, the degree of utilization of equipment.
Overhaul period, the frequency of repair work, as well as labor and material consumption depends on the structural features of the equipment. Accordingly, all of the equipment at the plant is grouped by categories repair complexity. Each group corresponds to a certain number of units of the complexity of the repair, which are installed under the directory, and eventually formed a category of complexity of repair. And a separate category of complexity is estimated repair electrical and mechanical equipment parts, and their results gives the desired value - category of complexity repair of specific equipment.
On the basis of the above standards is built ready to schedule preventative maintenance, covering all available to operate the equipment, labor and material consumption is calculated repair work, as well as the number of maintenance personnel.
The calculations are included in the current in-process planning with the appropriate resource allocation and subsequent account of production costs.